Commands: ZZ -- write out and exit 75 i ! -- insert "!" 75 times 75 a ! -- append "!" 75 times Ctrl-] -- move to |hyperlink| Ctrl-O -- come back from hyperlink Help: :help index -- complete index of all Vim commands :help Ctrl-W -- find help with window management command :help usr_toc.txt -- all user manuals breef look Word / file navigation (3): fh | 3fl -- move cursor to the "h" letter of the current line f -- aborts search Fh | 3Fl -- like above, but searches to the left tl | 3tl -- like fh, but cursor stops before the letter Tl | 3Tl -- like above, but searches to the left ge -- moves to the previous end of the word $ | 5$ -- to the end of the line ^ -- to begin of the first word in line 0 -- to begin of the line 25% -- moves you to the 1/4 of the file H -- move cursor to the top line of the current window M -- move cursor to the middle line of the current window L -- move cursor to the bottom line of the current window Ctrl-G -- get where you are in the file zt -- like below, but to the top zz -- moves context to the middle of the current cursor pos zt -- like above, but to the bottom * -- finds word under cursor in the file # -- same like above, but to the other direction /the\> -- finds only words that ends in "the " /\ -- finds only " the " matches `` -- go to the prev position (mark, mark -- pos before jump) Ctrl-O -- go to the previous jump (mark) Ctrl-I -- go to the next jump (mark) m[a-z] -- set mark with letter name '[a-z] -- move to the row with the mark `[a-z] -- move to the row and column with the mark :set hlsearch -- will highlight all matches :set ignorecase -- to ignore letter case during searches :set number -- show line numbers :set nonumber -- unshow line numbers :set ruler -- show in the bottom right corner where is your cursor :marks -- see all available marks :marks p -- to see where mark are specified :marks pF -- to see where several marks are specified Making small changes (4): d$ -- deletes to the end of the line cc -- like dd, but changes line c$ -- changes all to the end of the line X -- delete prev symbol D -- delete to the end of the line C -- change to end of the line s -- change one character S -- change a whole line r | 4rx -- replace current symbol, not enters in insert mode . -- repeat the change O | o -- in visual mode goes to the other corner of selected y -- yank operator. yw - yank word, y2w - yank 2 words Y | yy -- yank whole line y$ -- yank to the end of the line iw | aw -- Call to word text object. iw - "Inner word", aw - "A word" (Try to use in visual mode or delete). daw -- delete a word. You can use it even in a mid of the word is | as -- Call to sentence text object. "as" includes space after is - "Inner Sentence", as - "A Sentence" cis -- change whole sentence R -- enter in replace mode. backspace works like undo. ~ -- Change case of the character under cursor I -- insert to the begin of the line A -- append to the end of the line Editing more than one file (7): :edit foo.txt -- opens other file instead of current :write -- save current file delta :edit! foo.txt -- force to discard your changes vim one.c two.c three.c -- open a sequence of files :next -- switch to next file :next! -- like above, but not save changes :wnext -- like above, but save changes :args -- see the files you started Vim with :previous :wprevious :last :first :2next :set autowrite -- always write to modified files after switch :set noautowrite -- turn off write to modified files :args one.c six.c -- redefine the list of files without the need to exit Vim and start it again :args! -- abandon the changes Ctrl-^ -- back to previous file `. -- jump to position where you did the last change "fyas -- use f register for yank to in sentence "l3Y -- yank three whole lines to the l register "fp -- put register buffer to the cursor position "wdaw -- delete text to register :write >> myfile -- append current file to another file. To append only few lines do it in visual mode. vim -R file -- open file in readonly mode. Can edit it by appending ! to the write command vim -M file -- do it to forbid making any changes in a file :saveas move.c -- to save current file to the other file and start edit other file Splitting windows (8). Skipped 8.07 about vimdiff: Always starts from Ctrl-W Ctrl-W h -- to the left window Ctrl-W j -- to the bottom window Ctrl-W l -- to the top window Ctrl-W l -- to the right window Ctrl-H H -- move window to left Ctrl-H J -- move window to bottom Ctrl-H K -- move window to top Ctrl-H L -- move window to right :qall -- close all winfows :wall -- write all changes :wqall -- write and close all files :qall -- close Vim and throw all changes vim -o|-O -- open several files in split mode :[vertical] all -- open args files in split mode vimdiff one.c two.c -- open in diff mode :leftabove {cmd} -- left or above the current window :aboveleft {cmd} -- idem :rightbelow {cmd} -- right or below the current window :belowright {cmd} -- idem :topleft {cmd} -- at the top or left of the Vim window :botright {cmd} -- at the bottom or right of the Vim window :tabedit -- open another file in tabe mode gt -- go to the next tab gT -- go to the previous tab :tabonly -- to close all other tabs Making big changes (10): q[a-z] -- start and end record commands @[a-z] -- execute recorded command @@ -- execute previous executed recorded command Example: qa Start recording a macro in register a. ^ Move to the beginning of the line. i#include " Insert the string #include " at the beginning of the line. $ Move to the end of the line. a" Append the character double quotation mark (") to the end of the line. j Go to the next line. q Stop recording the macro. You can paste command records and edit them, than yank them to register again. You can append to a register by using uppercase letter. "aY "AY :s/x/y -- substitute first occurrence on current line :s/x/y/g -- substitute every occurence on the current line :%s -- substitute on all lines :%s/x/y/c -- ask about any substitution :%s/x/y/p -- print out last line, that this command changes :s+one/two+one or two+ -- use "+" delimiter in substution Command ranges: :1,5s/this/that/g -- substitute on 1-5 lines. Line 5 is included :54s/this/that/ -- substitute on one line :.write otherfile -- write only current string to file :.,$s/yes/no -- substitute in the lines from the cursor to the end :?^Chapter?,/^Chapter/s=grey=gray=g -- substitute in range between word "Chapter" There is also offsets before and after the word :'t,'b -- you can also use marks as the range borders :5 -- change current and next 4 lines :[range]global/{pattern}/{command} | g: Find a match for a pattern and execute command there. g+//+s/foobar/barfoo/g -- replace word in all lines with // (C++ style) Ctrl-V A -- append text after visual block Ctrl-V $A -- append text in the end of every string in visual blck Ctrl-V C -- change text Ctrl-V ~ -- swap case Ctrl-V U -- make uppercase Ctrl-V u -- make lowercase Ctrl-V r -- fill the whole block with one character :read file.txt -- the file named "file.txt" will be inserted in cursor place gUw -- make word all uppercase guw -- make word all lowercase gUU -- make whole line uppercase guu -- make all line lowercase g~~ -- switch case in whole line :read !ls -- read the contents of the current directory to the cursor Ctrl-L -- redrow the screen Clever tricks (12): Doe, John => John Doe -- :%s/$[^,]*$, $.*$/\2 1/ VISUAL SELECT -> :!sort -- will sort lines K -- opens "man" program on the word :%s/\s\+$// -- deletes white spaces in the end of lines vim `grep -l frame_counter *.c -- open files with "frame_counter" var use :next and :first to browse through the files :grep error_string *.c -- open files with concrete variable. use :cn(ext), :cp(rev), :cl(ist), :copen, :cfirst, :clast, :ccNUM goto Typing command-line commands quickly (20): During switches in command with TAB you can use CTRL-P to switch in other direction. Type few letters in command mode and press CTRL-D to see overview. :se -- go to previous command which starts with se Go away and come back (21): CTRL-Z -- suspends vim, after that you can use `fg` to restore vim :!{program} -- execute program :r !{program} -- execute program and print its output to vim '0 '1 ... -- Come back to the place, where you left Vim previous time :oldfiles than :e #<2 to edit the second file; :split #<3 :browse oldfiles than q than number of file -- to open previous file :wviminfo! ~/tmp/viminfo in 1 vim than :rviminfo ~/tmm/viminfo in 2 vim -- to save and restore information while still running Vim :mksession vimbook.vim -- create a session file :source vimbook.vim or vim -S vimbook.vim -- restore session Example of project switching: :wall :mksession! ~/.vim/secret.vim :source ~/.vim/boring.vim Finding the file to edit (22): edit . -- browse current directory :cd -- changes current directory :pwd -- show current directory :lcd -- to change current directory, unti :lcd usage all windows points to same directory gf -- finds file with same name in current directory or in the PATH :buffers -- list active buffers :ls -- -||- There is also information about buffer editing and switching over them, but I'am too lazy to conspect it. Editing other files (23): vim -x exam.txt -- create, edit and save encrypted file :set key= -- to turn off encryption :X -- encrypt current file Change binary file example: vim -b datafile -- open file for binary editing :%!xxd -- translate to HEX view :%!xxd -r -- back to raw binary view BTW it's possible to edit compressed formats (.Z, .gz, .bz2) Making corrections (24): CTRL-W -- delete word CTRL-U -- delete until beginning CTRL-P -- complete the word or repeate previous. (P)revious CTRL-N -- complete the word. (N)ext There is OMNI completion (like intelisence). Check it out later. CTRL-A in Insert mode to insert text, that were typed during previous insert mode CTRL-@ -- does CTRL-A and then exits Insert mode CTRL-Y -- inserts the character above the cursor CTRL-E -- inserts the character below the cursor CTRL-R {register} -- paste register CTRL-R CTRL-R {register} -- paste register with text commands (like ) :iabbrev qwer function -- when vim will see qwer, it will be replaced by function. (Insert mode abbreviation added) :iab -- same as above :cabbrev / cab -- Command mode abbreviation :unabbreviate {name} -- delete abbreviation :iabclear -- remove Insert abbreviations :abclear -- remove all abbreviations :noabbrev -- it does same as :abbreviate, but avoids the res string used as mappings :digraphs -- to see availabe digraphs like © ¦ § « :CTRL-K {digraph} -- to type digraph :CTRL-O {command} -- to execute command in insert mode Editing formatted text (25): :set textwidth=79 -- automatically insert line breaks gq -- format text by text width v4jgq -- format 4 lines gqap -- format a paragraph gggqG -- format the whole file :{range}center [width] -- center alignment. :1,5center 40 :{range}right [margin] -- right-justifies the text :{range}left [margin] -- add's left margin to text :set autoindent -- when a new line is started it gets the same indent as previous line. :set shiftwidth -- changes amount of spaces added by >> :set linebreak -- turn off word breaks in long lines :set virtualedit=all -- for moving the cursor to positions where there isn't any text :set virtualedit= -- turn it off gr{let} -- makes sure the new character takes the right amount of screen space. Extra spaces or tabs are inserted to fill the gap. Repeating (26): gv -- selects the same area again CTRL-A -- increase number under cursor CTRL-X -- subtract number under cursor ls | vim - -- open vim from stdin There is also information about scripts, but lets skip it for now Search commands and patterns (27): :set ignorecase -- turn off case sensitive during search :set noignorecase -- undo above :set ignorecase smartcase -- pattern matches ~ word word, Word, WORD, WoRd, etc. Word Word WORD WORD WoRd WoRd === I SKIPED REST OF TUTOR, BACK LATER === Folding (28): It's all about shrimping a bunch of lines to one. === I SKIPED REST OF TUTOR, BACK LATER === Hints: There is lowercase and uppercase marks. Uppercase marks are global, they can help you to switch between the files. Lowercase marks are local for one file.